Yes, as the experts have said, check fuse 6 (your brake lights are not working at all). Hopefully, it's just fuse contact corrosion or a cracked fuse. If it's blown, you may need to figure out what caused it to blow.
I forgot about the delayed courtesy light circuits. Fuse 6 feeds both the brake lights and the courtesy delay light relay. When fuse 6 is blown, stepping on the brakes connects the brake bulbs to fuse 6, but without power, no brake lights. Stepping on the brakes also has the side effect of weakly grounding the fuse 6 connection through the brake light filaments to brake light ground. This weak ground goes through the courtesy delay light relay and weakly grounds the door switches. When the chime gets power from headlights-on, and a weak ground through the door switches, it's enough to set off the chime.
[BTW: as far as I could find, removing, or altering, the chime is not illegal in the USA. Selling a new car without a chime is.]